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Text and photos by Nick Baker, unless otherwise credited.
Copyright © Ecology Asia 2023 |
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Primates
of Southeast Asia |
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Worldwide there
are more than 450 species of primate. In
Southeast Asia, as of 2016, there are 98 species recognised, comprising 19
species of prosimian (represented in the region by Lorises and Tarsiers), 57
species of Old World Monkey (including macaques, and colobines such as
lutungs, surilis, doucs and others), 18 species of gibbon and
4 great apes
(including humans). In evolutionary terms, prosimians are considered
to represent ancient lineages of primate, and great apes the most advanced.
Ecologically, primates play an important role as seed dispersers in the
region's forests. |
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Prosimians : Slow Lorises
8 species, all in SE Asia
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Prosimians : Tarsiers
11 species, all in SE Asia
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Gursky's Spectral Tarsier
Tarsius spectrumgurskyae |
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Species List:
Carlito syrichta - Philippine Tarsier
Cephalopachus bancanus - Western Tarsier
Tarsius tarsier - Selayar Tarsier
Tarsius fuscus- Makassar Tarsier
Tarsius dentatus - Dian's Tarsier
Tarsius pelengensis - Peleng Tarsier
Tarsius sangirensis - Great Sangihe Tarsier |
Tarsius spectrumgurskyae - Gursky’s Spectral Tarsier
Tarsius supriatnai - Jatna's Tarsier
Tarsius tumpara - Siau Island Tarsier
Tarsius pumilus - Sulawesi Mountain Tarsier
Tarsius lariang - Lariang Tarsier
Tarsius wallacei - Wallace's Tarsier |
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Old World Monkeys : Cercopithecines : Macaques (Macaca
spp.)
SE Asia : 14 species (worldwide 23 species)
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Stump-tailed Macaque
Macaca arctoides
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Assamese Macaque
Macaca assamensis
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Long-tailed Macaque
Macaca fascicularis
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Rhesus Macaque
Macaca mulatta
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Northern Pig-tailed Macaque
Macaca leonina
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Other SE Asia species :
M. hecki - Heck's Macaque
M. maura - Moor Macaque
M. nigrescens - Gorontalo Macaque
M. ochreata - Booted Macaque
M. pagensis - Pagai Macaque
M. siberu - Siberut Macaque
M. tonkeana - Tonkean Macaque |
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Sunda Pig-tailed Macaque
Macaca nemestrina |
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Celebes Crested Macaque
Macaca nigra |
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Old World Monkeys : Colobines : Surilis (Presbytis
spp.)
17 species, all in SE Asia
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Javan Grizzled Langur
Presbytis comata
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Raffles' Banded Langur
Presbytis femoralis
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E. Sumatran Banded Langur
Presbytis percura
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Robinson's Banded Langur
Presbytis robinsoni
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Red Leaf Monkey
Presbytis rubicunda
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Other SE Asia species :
P. bicolor - Black-and-white Langur
P. canicrus - Miller's Grizzled Langur
P. chrysomelas - Cross-marked Langur
P. frontata - White-fronted Langur
P. hosei - Hose's Langur
P. melalophos - Black-crested Sumatran Langur
P. mitrata - Mitred Langur
P. natunae - Natuna Islands Langur
P. potenziani - Pagai Langur
P. sabana - Sabah Grizzled Langur
P. siberu - Siberut Langur |
White-thighed Surili
Presbytis siamensis
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Black Sumatran Langur
Presbytis sumatranus
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Thomas's Leaf Monkey
Presbytis thomasi
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Old World Monkeys : Colobines : Lutungs (Trachypithecus
spp.)
SE Asia : 18 species (worldwide 20 species)
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Javan Lutung
Trachypithecus auratus
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Silvered Langur
Trachypithecus cristatus
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Indochinese Silvered Langur
Trachypithecus germaini
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Hatinh Langur
Trachypithecus hatinhensis
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Dusky Langur
Trachypithecus obscurus
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Other SE Asia species :
T. barbei - Tenasserim Langur
T. crepusculus - Indochinese Grey Langur
T. delacouri - Delacour's Langur
T. ebenus - Black Langur
T. francoisi - Francois' Langur
T. laotum - Laotian Langur
T. margarita - Annamese Langur
T. mauritius - West Javan Langur
T. phayrei - Phayre's Langur
T. pileatus - Capped Langur
T. popa - Popa Langur
T. shortridgei - Shortridge's Langur |
Cat Ba Langur
Trachypithecus poliocephalus
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Selangor Silvered Langur
T. selangorensis
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Old World Monkeys : Odd-nosed colobines (Nasalis, Simias, Pygathrix, Rhinopithecus)
SE Asia : 7 species (worldwide 9 species)
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Other SE Asia species :
Pygathrix cinerea - Grey-shanked Douc
Pygathrix nemaeus - Red-shanked Douc
Rhinopithecus strykeri - Myanmar snub-nosed Monkey
Simias concolor - Pig-tailed Langur |
Proboscis Monkey
Nasalis larvatus |
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Black-shanked Douc
Pygathrix nigripes |
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Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey
Rhinopithecus avunculus |
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Lesser Apes : Gibbons (Hooloc, Hylobates,
Nomascus, Symphalangus)
SE Asia : 18 species (worldwide 21 species)
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Other SE Asia species :
Hoolock hoolock - Western Hoolock
Hoolock leuconedys - Eastern Hoolock
Hoolock tianxing - Gaoligong Hoolock
Hylobates abbotti - Abbott's Grey Gibbon
Hylobates agilis - Agile Gibbon
Hylobates albibarbus - Bornean White-bearded Gibbon
Hylobates klossii - Kloss's Gibbon
Hylobates muelleri - Müllers Gibbon
Nomascus annamensis - Northern Yellow-cheeked Gibbon
Nomascus concolor - Western Black Crested Gibbon
Nomascus leucogenys - Northern White-cheeked Gibbon
Nomascus nasutus - Eastern Black Crested Gibbon
Nomascus siki - Southern White-cheeked Gibbon |
East Bornean Grey Gibbon
Hylobates funereus
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White-handed Gibbon
Hylobates lar
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Javan Gibbon
Hylobates moloch
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Pileated Gibbon
Hylobates pileatus |
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Buff-cheeked Gibbon
Nomascus gabriellae |
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Siamang
Symphalangus syndactylus |
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Great Apes : Hominids & Orang Utans (Homo,
Pongo)
SE Asia : 4 species (worldwide 7 species)
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Other SE Asia species :
Pongo abelii - Sumatran Orang Utan
Pongo tapanuliensis - Tapanuli Orang Utan |
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Human
Homo sapiens |
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Bornean Orang Utan
Pongo pygmaeus |
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