Vertebrate fauna of
 Southeast Asia
  
 

   
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Text and photos by Nick Baker, unless credited to others.
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Primates of  Southeast Asia
 

Worldwide there are more than 450 species of primate. In Southeast Asia, around 100 species are recognised, comprising 21 species of prosimian (represented in the region by Lorises and Tarsiers), 59 species of Old World Monkey (including macaques, and colobines such as lutungs, langurs, surilis, doucs and others), 19 species of gibbon and 4 great apes (including humans).  In evolutionary terms, prosimians are considered to represent ancient lineages of primate, and great apes the most advanced.  Ecologically, primates play an important role as seed dispersers in the region's forests.

             
 

Prosimians : Slow Lorises
 8 species, all in SE Asia
 

  Full Species List:
Nycticebus bengalensis - Bengal Slow Loris
Nycticebus coucang - Sunda Slow Loris
Nycticebus javanicus - Javan Slow Loris
Nycticebus menagensis - Philippine Slow Loris
Nycticebus bancanus - Bangka Slow Loris
Nycticebus borneanus - Schwaner Mountains Slow Loris
Nycticebus kayan - Kayan River Slow Loris
Nycticebus pygmaeus - Pygmy Slow Loris
Conservation Links :  
   
IUCN / SSC Primate Specialist Group
Gibbon Conservation Alliance
Orang Utan Foundation International
Primate Watching
Nycticebus spp.
  		 
  

Prosimians : Tarsiers
 13 species, all in SE Asia
 


Gursky's Spectral Tarsier
Tarsius spectrumgurskyae		   Full Species List:
Carlito syrichta - Philippine Tarsier
Cephalopachus bancanus - Western Tarsier
Tarsius tarsier - Selayar Tarsier
Tarsius fuscus- Makassar Tarsier
Tarsius dentatus - Dian's Tarsier
Tarsius pelengensis - Peleng Tarsier
Tarsius sangirensis - Great Sangihe Tarsier		 Tarsius spectrumgurskyae - Gursky’s Spectral Tarsier
Tarsius supriatnai - Jatna's Tarsier
Tarsius tumpara - Siau Island Tarsier
Tarsius pumilus - Sulawesi Mountain Tarsier
Tarsius lariang - Lariang Tarsier
Tarsius wallacei - Wallace's Tarsier
             
 

 

Old World Monkeys : Cercopithecines : Macaques (Macaca spp.)
 SE Asia : 14 species (worldwide 23 species)
 

Stump-tailed Macaque
Macaca arctoides
  		Assamese Macaque
Macaca assamensis
  		Long-tailed Macaque
Macaca fascicularis 
  		Rhesus Macaque
Macaca mulatta 
  		N. Pig-tailed Macaque
Macaca leonina    
  

Other SE Asia species :
M. hecki - Heck's Macaque
M. maura - Moor Macaque
M. nigrescens - Gorontalo Macaque
M. ochreata - Booted Macaque
M. siberu - Siberut Macaque
M. tonkeana - Tonkean Macaque
Sunda Pig-tailed Macaque    Macaca nemestrina
  		 Celebes Crested Macaque
Macaca nigra
  		 Pagai Macaque
Macaca pagensis
  
         

 

Old World Monkeys : Colobines : Surilis (Presbytis spp.)
 19 species, all in SE Asia
 

Javan Grizzled Langur
Presbytis comata 
  		Raffles' Banded Langur
Presbytis femoralis  
  		E. Sumatran Banded Langur
Presbytis percura  
  		Mentawai Langur
Presbytis potenziani  
  		Robinson's Banded Langur
Presbytis robinsoni  
 
     

Other SE Asia species :
P. bicolor - Black-and-white Langur
P. canicrus - Miller's Grizzled Langur
P. chrysomelas - Cross-marked Langur
P. frontata - White-fronted Langur
P. hosei - Hose's Langur
P. melalophos - Black-crested Sumatran Langur
P. mitrata - Mitred Langur
P. natunae - Natuna Islands Langur
P. sabana - Sabah Grizzled Langur
P. siberu - Siberut Langur
Red Leaf Monkey
Presbytis rubicunda 
  		  Bintan Pale-thighed Langur
Presbytis siamensis rhionis 
  		  Malayan Pale-thighed Langur
Presbytis siamensis siamensis
 
       
Black Sumatran Langur
Presbytis sumatranus   		   Thomas's Leaf Monkey
Presbytis thomasi		      
             

 

Old World Monkeys : Colobines : Lutungs (Trachypithecus spp.)
 SE Asia : 19 species (worldwide 21 species)
  

Javan Lutung
Trachypithecus auratus
  		Silvered Langur
Trachypithecus cristatus
   		Indochinese Silvered Langur
Trachypithecus germaini
   		Hatinh Langur
Trachypithecus hatinhensis
   		Dusky Langur
Trachypithecus obscurus
 

Other SE Asia species :
T. barbei - Tenasserim Langur
T. crepusculus - Indochinese Grey Langur
T. delacouri - Delacour's Langur
T. ebenus - Black Langur
T. francoisi - Francois' Langur
T. laotum - Laotian Langur
T. margarita - Annamese Langur
T. mauritius - West Javan Langur
T. phayrei - Phayre's Langur
T. popa - Popa Langur
T. shortridgei - Shortridge's Langur
Capped Langur
Trachypithecus pileatus		 Cat Ba Langur
T. poliocephalus 		Selangor Silvered Langur
T. selangorensis
             

 

Old World Monkeys : Odd-nosed colobines (Nasalis, Simias, Pygathrix, Rhinopithecus)
 SE Asia : 7 species (worldwide 9 species)
  

Proboscis Monkey
Nasalis larvatus 
   		 Black-shanked Douc
Pygathrix nigripes
  

Other SE Asia species :
Pygathrix cinerea - Grey-shanked Douc
Pygathrix nemaeus - Red-shanked Douc
Rhinopithecus strykeri - Myanmar snub-nosed Monkey
Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey
Rhinopithecus avunculus		 Pig-tailed Snub-nosed Monkey
Simias concolor
             

 

Lesser Apes : Gibbons (Hooloc, Hylobates, Nomascus, Symphalangus)
 SE Asia : 19 species (worldwide 22 species)
  

Agile Gibbon
Hylobates agilis
  		East Bornean Grey Gibbon
Hylobates funereus
   		White-handed Gibbon
Hylobates lar
   		Javan Gibbon
Hylobates moloch
   		Pileated Gibbon
Hylobates pileatus
 

Buff-cheeked Gibbon
Nomascus gabriellae
Siamang
Symphalangus syndactylus

Other SE Asia species :
Hoolock hoolock - Western Hoolock
Hoolock leuconedys - Eastern Hoolock
Hoolock tianxing - Gaoligong Hoolock
Hylobates abbotti - Abbott's Grey Gibbon
Hylobates albibarbus - Bornean White-bearded Gibbon
Hylobates klossii - Kloss's Gibbon
Hylobates muelleri - Müllers Gibbon
Nomascus annamensis - Northern Yellow-cheeked Gibbon
Nomascus concolor - Western Black Crested Gibbon
Nomascus leucogenys - Northern White-cheeked Gibbon
Nomascus nasutus - Eastern Black Crested Gibbon
Nomascus siki - Southern White-cheeked Gibbon
             

 

Great Apes : Hominids & Orang Utans (Homo, Pongo)
 SE Asia : 4 species (worldwide 7 species)
  

Other SE Asia species :
Pongo abelii - Sumatran Orang Utan
Pongo tapanuliensis - Tapanuli Orang Utan
Human
Homo sapiens  		Bornean Orang Utan
Pongo pygmaeus