Fig 1
Fig 2
Fig 3
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Bitterns comprise the subfamily Botaurinae, part of
the heron family Ardeidae.
These are small to medium-sized birds, which can be distinguished from other
heron or egret-like birds by their necks, which
are much shorter and thicker than other members of the group.
In flight bitterns keep their necks retracted, in the same manner as other
herons and egrets.
Bitterns are typically patterned with a streaked chest and mottled wings of
various shades of brown or black. Unlike herons and egrets, which quickly take
flight when disturbed, bitterns often remain still, preferring to rely on
not being seen.
They are secretive in habits, remaining largely concealed amongst
reedbeds, flooded grasslands and the margins of freshwater ponds,
lakes and rice paddies. They may also occur at the edge of mangrove forests,
but mainly prefer freshwater habitats.
They are stealth feeders, waiting patiently or advancing slowly towards
their prey which includes a variety of fishes, amphibians, aquatic reptiles and
insects.
Globally 14 species of bittern are recognised, of which 5 occur in Southeast
Asia.
Figs 1 and 2:
Cinnamon
Bittern (female)
Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
Habitat : Freshwater pond / flooded grassland
Location : Labrador, Singapore
Fig 3 :
Yellow Bittern (immature)
Ixobrychus sinensis
Habitat : Freshwater pond
Location : Sungei Buloh, Singapore
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